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Nokia

Nokia is a Finnish telecommunications company which formerly has been in the forest products, rubber, cable, and television businesses. The company is best known for its leading range of mobile phones, but also produces mobile phone infrastructure and other telecommunications equipment for applications such as traditional voice telephony, ISDN, broadband access, professional mobile radio, voice over IP, and wireless LAN. Nokia is also known to produce a line of satellite receivers.

 

Nokia was founded in 1865 as a wood-pulp mill by Fredrik Idestam. The company then expanded into producing rubber products in the Finnish The Republic of Finland city of Nokia, and began to use Nokia as a brand. After World War II Nokia acquired Finnish Cable Works, a producer of telephone and telegraph cables. In the 1970s Nokia became more involved in the telecommunications industry by developing the Nokia DX 200, a digital switch for telephone exchanges. In the 1980s Nokia got involved in the development of mobile phones for the NMT network, and in the 1990s, the company was streamlined into focusing on mobile phones, mobile phone infrastructure and other telecommunications areas, divesting itself of other items such as televisions and personal computers

 

Sony Ericsson

Sony Ericsson is a 50-50 joint venture established in 2001 by the Japanese consumer electronics company Sony and the Swedish telecommunications company Ericsson, to make mobile phones. Both companies have stopped making their own mobile phones, letting the new company use Sony's knowledge in customer electronics and Ericsson's know-how in cellular technology. The company's global management is based in London, has R&D in Sweden, Japan, China, the United States and the United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a state in western Europe, usually known simply as the United Kingdom, and in total has approximately 3,500 employees around the world.

 

The current President is Miles Flint, and the Executive Vice President is Jan Wäreby.

 

Sony Ericsson announced its first joint products in March 2002 and now has a full product portfolio covering all target groups. In 2002, Sony Ericsson sold close to 23 million mobile phones.

 

After years of losses, Sony Ericsson posted a fourth-quarter profit in 2003, buoyed in part by sales of its new line of camera phones and a strong showing in Asia, earning 43 million euros in contrast to a loss of 69 million euros a year earlier. Analysts had expected a profit of 32 million euros. It was the second consecutive quarter that Sony Ericsson, which had steadily lost money since it was founded in 2001, posted a profit

 

Motorola

Motorola started as Galvin Manufacturing Corporation in 1928. The name of the company was

 

changed to Motorola in 1947, but the word had been used as a trademark since the 1930s. The company is based in Schaumburg, Illinois, a Chicago suburb.

 

Founder Paul Galvin came up with the name Motorola when his company started manufacturing car radios (a number of early companies making phonographs, radios, and other audio equipment in the early 20th century used the suffix "-ola", the most famous being Victrola; there was also the film editing device called a Moviola).

 

Many of Motorola's products have been radio-related, starting with a battery eliminator for radios, through the first walkie-talkie in the world, defense electronics and mobile phone manufacturing. The company is also strong in semiconductor technology (but see the next paragraph), including chips used in computers. Motorola has been the main supplier for the microprocessors used in Apple Macintosh and Power Macintosh personal computers. The chip used in the latter computers, the

 

PowerPC family, was developed with IBM, and in a partnership with Apple (known as the AIM alliance). Motorola also has a diverse line of communication products, including satellite systems, digital cable boxes and modems.

 

On October 6, 2003, Motorola announced that it would spin off its semiconductor product sector into a separate company called Freescale. The new company began trading on the New York Stock Exchange on July 16th the following year

 

Samsung

Samsung is one of the largest electronics companies in the world. Founded in March 1938 in Daegu

Daegu, Korea, it operates in around 50 countries and it has over 70,000 workers. The turnover in 2002 was about 33 billion USD.

 

Samsung (meaning three stars in Korean) was founded by Lee Byungchul.

 

Samsung is one of the South Korean conglomerates (chaebols). It started as an exports company in 1938, but soon diversified. In 1953, Samsung started sugar production, a business no longer part of Samsung today. In 1958 insurance services started, in 1963 a department store was added.

In 1967 Samsung started the Joong-Ang Ilbo daily newspaper. Today this paper has no affiliation with the company. Samsung Electronics was founded in 1969. In 1974 Samsung petrochemical and heavy indutries followed. The company was awarded an export prize by the government as part of the country's development programme (US$ 300 billion) in 1976. As a result of this, Samsung construction emerged a mere three months later the following year. Also in 1977 shipbuilding started. In 1978 Samsung was awarded a further US$ 100 billion by the government.

 

The seventies started an enormous diversification which was was continued in the 1980s. In 1982, Samsung established a professional baseball team. In 1983 Samsung produced its first computer chip: a 64k DRAM chip. Towards the end of the decade, Samsung pushed its efforts in petrochemicals and electronics.

The 1990s saw Samsung rise as an international corporation. Not only did it acquire a number of businesses abroad, but also began leading the way in certain electronic components. Samsung's construction branch was awarded the contract to build one of the two Petronas Towers in Malaysia in 1993.

Samsung survived the International Monetary Fund crisis in 1997-98 relatively unharmed. It has kept expanding since then.

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