Gå til innhold
Spørsmål om koronaviruset? Still spørsmål her ×

Skal dere ta vaksinen?

Morromann

Av Morromann
i Koronaviruset

Skal dere ta vaksinen for Covid-19?  

389 stemmer

  1. 1. Skal dere ta vaksinen for covid-19?

    • Ja, uten forbehold
      197
    • Nei
      75
    • Ja, men med forbehold
      81
    • Vet ikke
      36

Anbefalte innlegg

Kazuo

Kazuo

Skrevet
Skrevet (endret)
Simen1 skrev (18 minutter siden):

Jeg har mange føtter. To stykker faktisk. Ikke noe som skurrer for deg når du omtaler to stk som mange? ;)

Du klarer tydeligvis ikke telle til 3 for det var nettopp hva karen jeg svarte hadde tatt av vaksiner og jeg refererte til at han tok influensa vaksinen som da ble vaksine nummer 3 med grunnlaget at immunforsvaret var blitt dårligere gjennom pandemien.

Endret av DaniNichi
Lenke til kommentar

Videoannonse

Videoannonse
Annonse
Gaea

Gaea

Skrevet
Skrevet
DaniNichi skrev (5 timer siden):

Ja du tror det blir bedre av å fylle kroppen med vaksiner ? Bare spør ? 

Som du nok kanskje husker fra en annen tråd har jeg vesentlig flere vaksiner i år enn tre, og ja, jeg tror at kroppen min har det bedre nå. Den lager antistoffer og et parat for meg 🥰 Jeg senker risikoen betraktelig for å få livmorhalskreft eller plagsomme kjønnsvorter med HPV vaksinen (tok Gardasil-9), forhåpentligvis blir jeg ikke smittet på jobb av syke pasienter med influensa og lungebetennelse. Nylig var det er lite utbrudd hepatitt A, da kjentes det veldig godt å være vaksinert med hepatitt A+B, pluss at det det gjør det mye enklere for meg hvis jeg skulle ønske å reise ut av landet. Boostrix (4-1 vaksine) er kjekk å ha, spesielt stivkrampen hvis jeg skulle være uheldig å bli bitt av et dyr. Så lenge man opprettholder minimumsintervaller og følger legens anbefaling så er det bare å kjøre på. Som jeg jo nevnte tidligere i en annen tråd trenger man jo absolutt ikke å kjøre 12 vaksiner på ett år, det er helt innafor å spre de litt utover, men det er mange vaksiner som er kjekke å fylle kroppen sin med, foruten korona. 

Lenke til kommentar
Plonky

Plonky

Skrevet
Skrevet
5 hours ago, DaniNichi said:

Kilde ? Spurte egentlig ikke deg, men du har vel tid rote fram noen kilder på det han skrev.

Her har du noen kilder på immuniseringseffekten av vaksiner. God lesning.

  1. Spoiler

     

    1. Plotkin, S. A. et al. The science of vaccine safety: Summary of meeting at Wellcome Trust. in Vaccine vol. 38 1869–1880 (Elsevier Ltd, 2020).
    2. Plotkin, S., Orenstein, W. & Offit, P. Vaccines. The Lancet Infectious Diseases vol. 8 (Elsevier, 2008).
    3. Roush, S. W. et al. Historical comparisons of morbidity and mortality for vaccine-preventable diseases in the United States. Journal of the American Medical Association vol. 298 2155–2163 (2007).
    4. Simons, E. et al. Assessment of the 2010 global measles mortality reduction goal: Results from a model of surveillance data. Lancet 379, 2173–2178 (2012).
    5. ASCIA Acute Management of Anaphylaxis. (2020).
    6. Pollard, A. J. & Bijker, E. M. A guide to vaccinology: from basic principles to new developments. Nature Reviews Immunology vol. 21 83–100 (2020).
    7. Lemon, S. M. & Thomas, D. L. Vaccines to Prevent Viral Hepatitis. N. Engl. J. Med. 336, 196–204 (1997).
    8. Neuzil, K. M., Dupont, W. D., Wright, P. F. & Edwards, K. M. Efficacy of inactivated and cold-adapted vaccines against influenza A infection, 1985 to 1990: The pediatric experience. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 20, 733–740 (2001).
    9. Stratton, K., Ford, A., Rusch, E. & Clayton, E. W. Adverse effects of vaccines: Evidence and causality. Adverse Effects of Vaccines: Evidence and Causality (National Academies Press, 2012). doi:10.17226/13164.
    10. Barlow, W. E. et al. The Risk of Seizures after Receipt of Whole-Cell Pertussis or Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccine. N. Engl. J. Med. 345, 656–661 (2001).
    11. Mantadakis, E., Farmaki, E. & Buchanan, G. R. Thrombocytopenic Purpura after Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccination: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Guidance for Management. J. Pediatr. 156, 623–628 (2010).
    12. Perry, R. T. & Halsey, N. A. The clinical significance of measles: A review. Journal of Infectious Diseases vol. 189 (2004).
    13. Pulendran, B. & Ahmed, R. Immunological mechanisms of vaccination. Nature Immunology vol. 12 509–517 (2011).
    14. Stowe, J., Andrews, N., Wise, L. & Miller, E. Investigation of the temporal association of Guillain-Barré syndrome with influenza vaccine and influenzalike illness using the United Kingdom general practice research database. Am. J. Epidemiol. 169, 382–388 (2009).
    15. Wraith, D. C., Goldman, M. & Lambert, P. H. Vaccination and autoimmune disease: What is the evidence? Lancet vol. 362 1659–1666 (2003).
    16. Alberts, B. et al. Molecular biology of the cell. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education vol. 36 (Wiley, 2008).
    17. Murphy, K. M., Travers, P. & Walport, M. Janeway’s Immunobiology. (Garland Science, 2007).
    18. Banchereau, J. & Steinman, R. M. Dendritic cells and the control of immunity. Nature vol. 392 245–252 (1998).
    19. Miller, J. F. Immunological function of the thymus. Lancet 278, 748–749 (1961).
    20. Miller, J. F. & Mitchell, G. F. Cell to cell interaction in the immune response. I. Hemolysin-forming cells in neonatally thymectomized mice reconstituted with thymus or thoracic duct lymphocytes. J. Exp. Med. 128, 801–820 (1968).
    21. Roitt, I. M., Greaves, M. F., Torrigiani, G., Brostoff, J. & Playfair, J. H. The cellular basis of immunological responses. A synthesis of some current views. Lancet vol. 2 367–371 (1969).
    22. Zinkernagel, R. M. & Doherty, P. C. Restriction of in vitro T cell-mediated cytotoxicity in lymphocytic choriomeningitis within a syngeneic or semiallogeneic system. Nature 248, 701–702 (1974).
    23. Burnet, F. M. The Clonal Selection Theory of Acquired Immunity. (Cambridge University Press, 1959).
    24. Ahmed, R. & Gray, D. Immunological memory and protective immunity: Understanding their relation. Science (80-. ). 272, 54–60 (1996).
    25. Sallusto, F., Lanzavecchia, A., Araki, K. & Ahmed, R. From vaccines to memory and back. Immunity vol. 33 451–463 (2010).
    26. Panum, L. P. Observations made during the epidemic of measles on the Faroe Islands in the year 1846. Bibiliothek for Laeger 3R, 270–344 (1847).
    27. Adkins, B., Leclerc, C. & Marshall-Clarke, S. Neonatal adaptive immunity comes of age. Nature Reviews Immunology vol. 4 553–564 (2004).
    28. Chen, R. T. et al. Measles Antibody: Reevaluation of Protective Titers. J. Infect. Dis. 162, 1036–1042 (1990).
    29. Schauer, U. et al. Levels of antibodies specific to tetanus toxoid, Haemophilus influenzae type b, and pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide in healthy children and adults. Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. 10, 202–207 (2003).
    30. Weibel, R. E., Stokes, J., Buynak, E. B., Whitman, J. E. & Hilleman, M. R. Live, Attenuated Mumps-Virus Vaccine. N. Engl. J. Med. 276, 245–251 (1967).
    31. Offit, P. A. & Jew, R. K. Addressing Parents’ Concerns: Do Vaccines Contain Harmful Preservatives, Adjuvants, Additives, or Residuals? Pediatrics vol. 112 1394–1401 (2003).
    32. Stone, C. A. et al. Anaphylaxis after zoster vaccine: Implicating alpha-gal allergy as a possible mechanism. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 139, 1710-1713.e2 (2017).
    33. Stone, C. A. et al. Anaphylaxis after vaccination in a pediatric patient: further implicating alpha-gal allergy. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract. 7, 322-324.e2 (2019).
    34. Delrue, I., Verzele, D., Madder, A. & Nauwynck, H. J. Inactivated virus vaccines from chemistry to prophylaxis: Merits, risks and challenges. Expert Review of Vaccines vol. 11 695–719 (2012).
    35. Dull, P. M. & McIntosh, E. D. Meningococcal vaccine development - from glycoconjugates against MenACWY to proteins against MenB - potential for broad protection against meningococcal disease. Vaccine 30, (2012).
    36. Parkman, P. D. & Hopps, H. E. Viral vaccines and antivirals: Current use and future prospects. Annual Review of Public Health vol. 9 203–221 (1988).
    37. Zuckerman, A. J. Subunit, recombinant and synthetic hepatitis b vaccines. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 20, 27–38 (1985).
    38. Avci, F. Y., Li, X., Tsuji, M. & Kasper, D. L. A mechanism for glycoconjugate vaccine activation of the adaptive immune system and its implications for vaccine design. Nat. Med. 17, 1602–1609 (2011).
    39. Lauring, A. S., Jones, J. O. & Andino, R. Rationalizing the development of live attenuated virus vaccines. Nature Biotechnology vol. 28 573–579 (2010).
    40. Edelman, R. Vaccine adjuvants. Reviews of infectious diseases vol. 2 370–383 (1980).
    41. Einstein, M. H. et al. Comparison of the immunogenicity and safety of CervarixTM and Gardasil® human papillomavirus (HPV) cervical cancer vaccines in healthy women aged 18-45 years. Hum. Vaccin. 5, 705–719 (2009).
    42. Dey, A. et al. Surveillance of adverse events following immunisation in Australia: annual report, 2018. Commun. Dis. Intell. 44, (2020).
    43. McNeil, M. M. et al. Risk of anaphylaxis after vaccination in children and adults. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 137, 868–878 (2016).
    44. Imafidon, G. I. & Sosulski, F. W. Nucleic Acid Nitrogen of Animal and Plant Foods. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38, 118–120 (1990).
    45. Wilson, D., Minor, P. D., Afzal, M. A. & Ghosh, S. Detection of persistent measles virus infection in Crohn’s disease: Current status of experimental work. Gut vol. 48 748–752 (2001).
    46. Khakoo, G. A. & Lack, G. Recommendations for using MMR vaccine in children allergic to eggs. BMJ Br. Med. J. 320, 929 (2000).
    47. Mullins, R. J., Kemp, A. & Gold, M. Influenza vaccination of the egg-allergic individual. Medical Journal of Australia vol. 193 254–255 (2010).
    48. Davidkin, I., Kontio, M., Paunio, M. & Peltola, H. MMR vaccination and disease elimination: The finnish experience. Expert Review of Vaccines vol. 9 1045–1053 (2010).
    49. Campbell, H., Andrews, N., Brown, K. E. & Miller, E. Review of the effect of measles vaccination on the epidemiology of SSPE. International Journal of Epidemiology vol. 36 1334–1348 (2007).
    50. Nebbia, G., Peppa, D. & Maini, M. K. Hepatitis B infection: Current concepts and future challenges. QJM vol. 105 109–113 (2012).
    51. Pol, S., Vallet-Pichard, A., Corouge, M. & Mallet, V. O. Hepatitis 😄 Epidemiology, diagnosis, natural history and therapy. Contributions to Nephrology vol. 176 1–9 (2012).
    52. El-Serag, H. B. Hepatocellular Carcinoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 365, 1118–1127 (2011).
    53. McLaughlin-Drubin, M. E., Meyers, J. & Munger, K. Cancer associated human papillomaviruses. Current Opinion in Virology vol. 2 459–466 (2012).
    54. Schiffman, M., Castle, P. E., Jeronimo, J., Rodriguez, A. C. & Wacholder, S. Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer. Lancet vol. 370 890–907 (2007).
    55. Kimberlin, D. W. & Whitley, R. J. Varicella–Zoster Vaccine for the Prevention of Herpes Zoster. N. Engl. J. Med. 356, 1338–1343 (2007).
    56. Kim, T. H., Johnstone, J. & Loeb, M. Vaccine herd effect. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases vol. 43 683–689 (2011).
    57. Simon, A. K., Hollander, G. A. & McMichael, A. Evolution of the immune system in humans from infancy to old age. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences vol. 282 (2015).
    58. Kahn, C. R. Perverted priorities. The physician/scientist as spokesman and salesman for biomedical research. Presidential address to the American Society for Clinical Investigation, Washington, DC, 29 April 1989. The Journal of clinical investigation vol. 84 723–727 (1989).
    59. World Health Organisation. Hepatitis B vaccines. (2009).
    60. Petrova, V. N. et al. Incomplete genetic reconstitution of B cell pools contributes to prolonged immunosuppression after measles. Sci. Immunol. 4, 6125 (2019).
    61. Mina, M. J. et al. Measles virus infection diminishes preexisting antibodies that offer protection from other pathogens. Science (80-. ). 366, 599–606 (2019).
    62. Beyer, W. E. P., Palache, A. M., Kerstens, R. & Masurel, N. Gender differences in local and systemic reactions to inactivated influenza vaccine, established by a meta-analysis of fourteen independent studies. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 15, 65–70 (1996).
    63. Peltola, H. & Heinonen, O. Frequency of true adverse reactions to measles-mumps-rubella vaccine. A double-blind placebo-controlled trial in twins. Lancet 327, 939–942 (1986).
    64. Klein, N. P. et al. Measles-mumps-rubella-varicella combination vaccine and the risk of febrile seizures. Pediatrics 126, (2010).
    65. Parker, S. K., Schwartz, B., Todd, J. & Pickering, L. K. Thimerosal-containing vaccines and autistic spectrum disorder: A critical review of published original data. Pediatrics 114, 793–804 (2004).
    66. Poehling, K. A. et al. The Underrecognized Burden of Influenza in Young Children. N. Engl. J. Med. 355, 31–40 (2006).
    67. White, O. J. et al. A genomics-based approach to assessment of vaccine safety and immunogenicity in children. Vaccine 30, 1865–1874 (2012).
    68. Andre, F. et al. Vaccination greatly reduces disease, disability, death and inequity worldwide. WHO (2011).
    69. Rappuoli, R., Mandl, C. W., Black, S. & De Gregorio, E. Vaccines for the twenty-first century society. Nature Reviews Immunology vol. 11 865–872 (2011).
    70. Monto, A. S. & Petrie, J. G. Improving Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness: Ways to Begin Solving the Problem. Clinical Infectious Diseases vol. 69 1824–1826 (2019).
    71. Li, N., Peng, L. H., Chen, X., Nakagawa, S. & Gao, J. Q. Transcutaneous vaccines: Novel advances in technology and delivery for overcoming the barriers. Vaccine vol. 29 6179–6190 (2011).
    72. Van Der Maaden, K., Jiskoot, W. & Bouwstra, J. Microneedle technologies for (trans)dermal drug and vaccine delivery. Journal of Controlled Release vol. 161 645–655 (2012).
    73. Mbow, M. L., De Gregorio, E., Valiante, N. M. & Rappuoli, R. New adjuvants for human vaccines. Current Opinion in Immunology vol. 22 411–416 (2010).
    74. Rybicki, E. P. Plant-produced vaccines: promise and reality. Drug Discovery Today vol. 14 16–24 (2009).
    75. Garland, S. M. et al. Noninferiority of antibody response to human papillomavirus type 16 in subjects vaccinated with monovalent and quadrivalent L1 virus-like particle vaccines. Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 14, 792–795 (2007).
    76. Weibel, R. E., Buynak, E. B., McLean, A. A. & Hilleman, M. R. Long-Term Follow-up for Immunity After Monovalent or Combined Live Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Virus Vaccines. Pediatrics 56, (1975).
    77. Rappuoli, R. & Aderem, A. A 2020 vision for vaccines against HIV, tuberculosis and malaria. Nature vol. 473 463–469 (2011).
    78. Rupnow, M. F. T., Chang, A. H., Shachter, R. D., Owens, D. K. & Parsonnet, J. Cost-effectiveness of a potential prophylactic helicobacter pylori vaccine in the united states. J. Infect. Dis. 200, 1311–1317 (2009).
    79. Howie, S. E. M., Horner, P. J., Horne, A. W. & Entrican, G. Immunity and vaccines against sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 24, 56–61 (2011).
    80. Pardi, N., Hogan, M. J., Porter, F. W. & Weissman, D. mRNA vaccines-a new era in vaccinology. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery vol. 17 261–279 (2018).
    81. Nossal, G. J. V. Vaccines of the future. Vaccine 29, (2011).
    82. Cucinotta, D. & Vanelli, M. WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic. Acta Biomedica vol. 91 157–160 (2020).
    83. Castells, M. C. & Phillips, E. J. Maintaining Safety with SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines. N. Engl. J. Med. 384, 643–649 (2021).
    84. Petousis-Harris, H. & Alley, L. Impact of antivaccination campaigns on health worldwide: lessons for Australia and the global community. Med. J. Aust. 213, 300-301.e1 (2020).
    85. Zhang, E. J., Chughtai, A. A., Heywood, A. & MacIntyre, C. R. Influence of political and medical leaders on parental perception of vaccination: A cross-sectional survey in Australia. BMJ Open 9, e025866 (2019).
    86. Leask, J. et al. Communicating with parents about vaccination: a framework for health professionals. BMC Pediatrics vol. 12 154 (2012).
    87. Brewer, N. T., Chapman, G. B., Rothman, A. J., Leask, J. & Kempe, A. Increasing Vaccination: Putting Psychological Science Into Action. Psychol. Sci. Public Interes. 18, 149–207 (2017).

     

     

Lenke til kommentar
Kazuo

Kazuo

Skrevet
Skrevet
Plonky skrev (18 minutter siden):

Her har du noen kilder på immuniseringseffekten av vaksiner. God lesning.

  1.   Vis skjult innhold

     

    1. Plotkin, S. A. et al. The science of vaccine safety: Summary of meeting at Wellcome Trust. in Vaccine vol. 38 1869–1880 (Elsevier Ltd, 2020).
    2. Plotkin, S., Orenstein, W. & Offit, P. Vaccines. The Lancet Infectious Diseases vol. 8 (Elsevier, 2008).
    3. Roush, S. W. et al. Historical comparisons of morbidity and mortality for vaccine-preventable diseases in the United States. Journal of the American Medical Association vol. 298 2155–2163 (2007).
    4. Simons, E. et al. Assessment of the 2010 global measles mortality reduction goal: Results from a model of surveillance data. Lancet 379, 2173–2178 (2012).
    5. ASCIA Acute Management of Anaphylaxis. (2020).
    6. Pollard, A. J. & Bijker, E. M. A guide to vaccinology: from basic principles to new developments. Nature Reviews Immunology vol. 21 83–100 (2020).
    7. Lemon, S. M. & Thomas, D. L. Vaccines to Prevent Viral Hepatitis. N. Engl. J. Med. 336, 196–204 (1997).
    8. Neuzil, K. M., Dupont, W. D., Wright, P. F. & Edwards, K. M. Efficacy of inactivated and cold-adapted vaccines against influenza A infection, 1985 to 1990: The pediatric experience. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 20, 733–740 (2001).
    9. Stratton, K., Ford, A., Rusch, E. & Clayton, E. W. Adverse effects of vaccines: Evidence and causality. Adverse Effects of Vaccines: Evidence and Causality (National Academies Press, 2012). doi:10.17226/13164.
    10. Barlow, W. E. et al. The Risk of Seizures after Receipt of Whole-Cell Pertussis or Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccine. N. Engl. J. Med. 345, 656–661 (2001).
    11. Mantadakis, E., Farmaki, E. & Buchanan, G. R. Thrombocytopenic Purpura after Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccination: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Guidance for Management. J. Pediatr. 156, 623–628 (2010).
    12. Perry, R. T. & Halsey, N. A. The clinical significance of measles: A review. Journal of Infectious Diseases vol. 189 (2004).
    13. Pulendran, B. & Ahmed, R. Immunological mechanisms of vaccination. Nature Immunology vol. 12 509–517 (2011).
    14. Stowe, J., Andrews, N., Wise, L. & Miller, E. Investigation of the temporal association of Guillain-Barré syndrome with influenza vaccine and influenzalike illness using the United Kingdom general practice research database. Am. J. Epidemiol. 169, 382–388 (2009).
    15. Wraith, D. C., Goldman, M. & Lambert, P. H. Vaccination and autoimmune disease: What is the evidence? Lancet vol. 362 1659–1666 (2003).
    16. Alberts, B. et al. Molecular biology of the cell. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education vol. 36 (Wiley, 2008).
    17. Murphy, K. M., Travers, P. & Walport, M. Janeway’s Immunobiology. (Garland Science, 2007).
    18. Banchereau, J. & Steinman, R. M. Dendritic cells and the control of immunity. Nature vol. 392 245–252 (1998).
    19. Miller, J. F. Immunological function of the thymus. Lancet 278, 748–749 (1961).
    20. Miller, J. F. & Mitchell, G. F. Cell to cell interaction in the immune response. I. Hemolysin-forming cells in neonatally thymectomized mice reconstituted with thymus or thoracic duct lymphocytes. J. Exp. Med. 128, 801–820 (1968).
    21. Roitt, I. M., Greaves, M. F., Torrigiani, G., Brostoff, J. & Playfair, J. H. The cellular basis of immunological responses. A synthesis of some current views. Lancet vol. 2 367–371 (1969).
    22. Zinkernagel, R. M. & Doherty, P. C. Restriction of in vitro T cell-mediated cytotoxicity in lymphocytic choriomeningitis within a syngeneic or semiallogeneic system. Nature 248, 701–702 (1974).
    23. Burnet, F. M. The Clonal Selection Theory of Acquired Immunity. (Cambridge University Press, 1959).
    24. Ahmed, R. & Gray, D. Immunological memory and protective immunity: Understanding their relation. Science (80-. ). 272, 54–60 (1996).
    25. Sallusto, F., Lanzavecchia, A., Araki, K. & Ahmed, R. From vaccines to memory and back. Immunity vol. 33 451–463 (2010).
    26. Panum, L. P. Observations made during the epidemic of measles on the Faroe Islands in the year 1846. Bibiliothek for Laeger 3R, 270–344 (1847).
    27. Adkins, B., Leclerc, C. & Marshall-Clarke, S. Neonatal adaptive immunity comes of age. Nature Reviews Immunology vol. 4 553–564 (2004).
    28. Chen, R. T. et al. Measles Antibody: Reevaluation of Protective Titers. J. Infect. Dis. 162, 1036–1042 (1990).
    29. Schauer, U. et al. Levels of antibodies specific to tetanus toxoid, Haemophilus influenzae type b, and pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide in healthy children and adults. Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. 10, 202–207 (2003).
    30. Weibel, R. E., Stokes, J., Buynak, E. B., Whitman, J. E. & Hilleman, M. R. Live, Attenuated Mumps-Virus Vaccine. N. Engl. J. Med. 276, 245–251 (1967).
    31. Offit, P. A. & Jew, R. K. Addressing Parents’ Concerns: Do Vaccines Contain Harmful Preservatives, Adjuvants, Additives, or Residuals? Pediatrics vol. 112 1394–1401 (2003).
    32. Stone, C. A. et al. Anaphylaxis after zoster vaccine: Implicating alpha-gal allergy as a possible mechanism. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 139, 1710-1713.e2 (2017).
    33. Stone, C. A. et al. Anaphylaxis after vaccination in a pediatric patient: further implicating alpha-gal allergy. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Pract. 7, 322-324.e2 (2019).
    34. Delrue, I., Verzele, D., Madder, A. & Nauwynck, H. J. Inactivated virus vaccines from chemistry to prophylaxis: Merits, risks and challenges. Expert Review of Vaccines vol. 11 695–719 (2012).
    35. Dull, P. M. & McIntosh, E. D. Meningococcal vaccine development - from glycoconjugates against MenACWY to proteins against MenB - potential for broad protection against meningococcal disease. Vaccine 30, (2012).
    36. Parkman, P. D. & Hopps, H. E. Viral vaccines and antivirals: Current use and future prospects. Annual Review of Public Health vol. 9 203–221 (1988).
    37. Zuckerman, A. J. Subunit, recombinant and synthetic hepatitis b vaccines. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 20, 27–38 (1985).
    38. Avci, F. Y., Li, X., Tsuji, M. & Kasper, D. L. A mechanism for glycoconjugate vaccine activation of the adaptive immune system and its implications for vaccine design. Nat. Med. 17, 1602–1609 (2011).
    39. Lauring, A. S., Jones, J. O. & Andino, R. Rationalizing the development of live attenuated virus vaccines. Nature Biotechnology vol. 28 573–579 (2010).
    40. Edelman, R. Vaccine adjuvants. Reviews of infectious diseases vol. 2 370–383 (1980).
    41. Einstein, M. H. et al. Comparison of the immunogenicity and safety of CervarixTM and Gardasil® human papillomavirus (HPV) cervical cancer vaccines in healthy women aged 18-45 years. Hum. Vaccin. 5, 705–719 (2009).
    42. Dey, A. et al. Surveillance of adverse events following immunisation in Australia: annual report, 2018. Commun. Dis. Intell. 44, (2020).
    43. McNeil, M. M. et al. Risk of anaphylaxis after vaccination in children and adults. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 137, 868–878 (2016).
    44. Imafidon, G. I. & Sosulski, F. W. Nucleic Acid Nitrogen of Animal and Plant Foods. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38, 118–120 (1990).
    45. Wilson, D., Minor, P. D., Afzal, M. A. & Ghosh, S. Detection of persistent measles virus infection in Crohn’s disease: Current status of experimental work. Gut vol. 48 748–752 (2001).
    46. Khakoo, G. A. & Lack, G. Recommendations for using MMR vaccine in children allergic to eggs. BMJ Br. Med. J. 320, 929 (2000).
    47. Mullins, R. J., Kemp, A. & Gold, M. Influenza vaccination of the egg-allergic individual. Medical Journal of Australia vol. 193 254–255 (2010).
    48. Davidkin, I., Kontio, M., Paunio, M. & Peltola, H. MMR vaccination and disease elimination: The finnish experience. Expert Review of Vaccines vol. 9 1045–1053 (2010).
    49. Campbell, H., Andrews, N., Brown, K. E. & Miller, E. Review of the effect of measles vaccination on the epidemiology of SSPE. International Journal of Epidemiology vol. 36 1334–1348 (2007).
    50. Nebbia, G., Peppa, D. & Maini, M. K. Hepatitis B infection: Current concepts and future challenges. QJM vol. 105 109–113 (2012).
    51. Pol, S., Vallet-Pichard, A., Corouge, M. & Mallet, V. O. Hepatitis 😄 Epidemiology, diagnosis, natural history and therapy. Contributions to Nephrology vol. 176 1–9 (2012).
    52. El-Serag, H. B. Hepatocellular Carcinoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 365, 1118–1127 (2011).
    53. McLaughlin-Drubin, M. E., Meyers, J. & Munger, K. Cancer associated human papillomaviruses. Current Opinion in Virology vol. 2 459–466 (2012).
    54. Schiffman, M., Castle, P. E., Jeronimo, J., Rodriguez, A. C. & Wacholder, S. Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer. Lancet vol. 370 890–907 (2007).
    55. Kimberlin, D. W. & Whitley, R. J. Varicella–Zoster Vaccine for the Prevention of Herpes Zoster. N. Engl. J. Med. 356, 1338–1343 (2007).
    56. Kim, T. H., Johnstone, J. & Loeb, M. Vaccine herd effect. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases vol. 43 683–689 (2011).
    57. Simon, A. K., Hollander, G. A. & McMichael, A. Evolution of the immune system in humans from infancy to old age. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences vol. 282 (2015).
    58. Kahn, C. R. Perverted priorities. The physician/scientist as spokesman and salesman for biomedical research. Presidential address to the American Society for Clinical Investigation, Washington, DC, 29 April 1989. The Journal of clinical investigation vol. 84 723–727 (1989).
    59. World Health Organisation. Hepatitis B vaccines. (2009).
    60. Petrova, V. N. et al. Incomplete genetic reconstitution of B cell pools contributes to prolonged immunosuppression after measles. Sci. Immunol. 4, 6125 (2019).
    61. Mina, M. J. et al. Measles virus infection diminishes preexisting antibodies that offer protection from other pathogens. Science (80-. ). 366, 599–606 (2019).
    62. Beyer, W. E. P., Palache, A. M., Kerstens, R. & Masurel, N. Gender differences in local and systemic reactions to inactivated influenza vaccine, established by a meta-analysis of fourteen independent studies. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 15, 65–70 (1996).
    63. Peltola, H. & Heinonen, O. Frequency of true adverse reactions to measles-mumps-rubella vaccine. A double-blind placebo-controlled trial in twins. Lancet 327, 939–942 (1986).
    64. Klein, N. P. et al. Measles-mumps-rubella-varicella combination vaccine and the risk of febrile seizures. Pediatrics 126, (2010).
    65. Parker, S. K., Schwartz, B., Todd, J. & Pickering, L. K. Thimerosal-containing vaccines and autistic spectrum disorder: A critical review of published original data. Pediatrics 114, 793–804 (2004).
    66. Poehling, K. A. et al. The Underrecognized Burden of Influenza in Young Children. N. Engl. J. Med. 355, 31–40 (2006).
    67. White, O. J. et al. A genomics-based approach to assessment of vaccine safety and immunogenicity in children. Vaccine 30, 1865–1874 (2012).
    68. Andre, F. et al. Vaccination greatly reduces disease, disability, death and inequity worldwide. WHO (2011).
    69. Rappuoli, R., Mandl, C. W., Black, S. & De Gregorio, E. Vaccines for the twenty-first century society. Nature Reviews Immunology vol. 11 865–872 (2011).
    70. Monto, A. S. & Petrie, J. G. Improving Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness: Ways to Begin Solving the Problem. Clinical Infectious Diseases vol. 69 1824–1826 (2019).
    71. Li, N., Peng, L. H., Chen, X., Nakagawa, S. & Gao, J. Q. Transcutaneous vaccines: Novel advances in technology and delivery for overcoming the barriers. Vaccine vol. 29 6179–6190 (2011).
    72. Van Der Maaden, K., Jiskoot, W. & Bouwstra, J. Microneedle technologies for (trans)dermal drug and vaccine delivery. Journal of Controlled Release vol. 161 645–655 (2012).
    73. Mbow, M. L., De Gregorio, E., Valiante, N. M. & Rappuoli, R. New adjuvants for human vaccines. Current Opinion in Immunology vol. 22 411–416 (2010).
    74. Rybicki, E. P. Plant-produced vaccines: promise and reality. Drug Discovery Today vol. 14 16–24 (2009).
    75. Garland, S. M. et al. Noninferiority of antibody response to human papillomavirus type 16 in subjects vaccinated with monovalent and quadrivalent L1 virus-like particle vaccines. Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 14, 792–795 (2007).
    76. Weibel, R. E., Buynak, E. B., McLean, A. A. & Hilleman, M. R. Long-Term Follow-up for Immunity After Monovalent or Combined Live Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Virus Vaccines. Pediatrics 56, (1975).
    77. Rappuoli, R. & Aderem, A. A 2020 vision for vaccines against HIV, tuberculosis and malaria. Nature vol. 473 463–469 (2011).
    78. Rupnow, M. F. T., Chang, A. H., Shachter, R. D., Owens, D. K. & Parsonnet, J. Cost-effectiveness of a potential prophylactic helicobacter pylori vaccine in the united states. J. Infect. Dis. 200, 1311–1317 (2009).
    79. Howie, S. E. M., Horner, P. J., Horne, A. W. & Entrican, G. Immunity and vaccines against sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 24, 56–61 (2011).
    80. Pardi, N., Hogan, M. J., Porter, F. W. & Weissman, D. mRNA vaccines-a new era in vaccinology. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery vol. 17 261–279 (2018).
    81. Nossal, G. J. V. Vaccines of the future. Vaccine 29, (2011).
    82. Cucinotta, D. & Vanelli, M. WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic. Acta Biomedica vol. 91 157–160 (2020).
    83. Castells, M. C. & Phillips, E. J. Maintaining Safety with SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines. N. Engl. J. Med. 384, 643–649 (2021).
    84. Petousis-Harris, H. & Alley, L. Impact of antivaccination campaigns on health worldwide: lessons for Australia and the global community. Med. J. Aust. 213, 300-301.e1 (2020).
    85. Zhang, E. J., Chughtai, A. A., Heywood, A. & MacIntyre, C. R. Influence of political and medical leaders on parental perception of vaccination: A cross-sectional survey in Australia. BMJ Open 9, e025866 (2019).
    86. Leask, J. et al. Communicating with parents about vaccination: a framework for health professionals. BMC Pediatrics vol. 12 154 (2012).
    87. Brewer, N. T., Chapman, G. B., Rothman, A. J., Leask, J. & Kempe, A. Increasing Vaccination: Putting Psychological Science Into Action. Psychol. Sci. Public Interes. 18, 149–207 (2017).

     

     

Ba om ikke om hva du linker til..

Men påvirkes immunforsvaret i en positiv eller negativt retning generelt om man tar en vaksine ? Som eks vil en person som nå siden immunforsvaret er litt slått ut av all smittevern få et bedre forsvar generelt mot sykdom og annet, enn hva en person som avstår fra influensa vaksinen? Sett at begge unnslipper bli smitte av influensa.

 

 

  • Liker 1
Lenke til kommentar
Gaea

Gaea

Skrevet
Skrevet
DaniNichi skrev (12 minutter siden):

Men påvirkes immunforsvaret i en positiv eller negativt retning generelt om man tar en vaksine ?

Positiv retning. Kroppen lager antistoffer både ved å bli syk eller ta vaksine, men noen sykdommer er jo så alvorlige at det beste måten å immunisere seg på er ved å ta vaksine. Enkelte kropper er også så svake at de ikke ville tålt å bli syk "på ekte", men med vaksine kan de oppnå beskyttelse på en skånsom måte. Men ja, du kan se vaksinasjon som en snill og den tryggeste måte for kroppen å oppnå immunitet. 

Lenke til kommentar
Plonky

Plonky

Skrevet
Skrevet (endret)
22 minutes ago, DaniNichi said:

Ba om ikke om hva du linker til..

Men påvirkes immunforsvaret i en positiv eller negativt retning generelt om man tar en vaksine ? Som eks vil en person som nå siden immunforsvaret er litt slått ut av all smittevern få et bedre forsvar generelt mot sykdom og annet, enn hva en person som avstår fra influensa vaksinen? Sett at begge unnslipper bli smitte av influensa.

Effektiviteten til immunforsvaret påvirkes veldig lite av en vaksine annet enn rett etter den er tatt. Hovedårsaken til at de forventer mer influensasmitte i år er fordi folk, etter nesten to år med smittevern, ikke har vært eksponert for de nye influensavariantene. Det gjør folk mer mottakelige for de nye variasjonene fordi de er annerledes, ikke fordi immunforsvaret har blitt dårligere. Hvis du skal ta influensavaksine én gang dette tiåret tror jeg nå er perioden du får mest ut av den.

Endret av Plonky
Lenke til kommentar
Gaea

Gaea

Skrevet
Skrevet
Gouldfan skrev (53 minutter siden):

Jeg venter spent på dose 3, synes det er så fint at vaksinen gis gratis i våre land med Velstand og Velferd.

Vaksinen gjør at vi kan ta norske cruise med Fjordline i jul, gleder oss.

Har du fått en dato for den? :) min amerikanske familie fullførte nylig dose 3 :)

Lenke til kommentar
Mr.M

Mr.M

Skrevet
Skrevet
Plonky skrev (57 minutter siden):

Hovedårsaken til at de forventer mer influensasmitte i år er fordi folk, etter nesten to år med smittevern, ikke har vært eksponert for de nye influensavariantene. Det gjør folk mer mottakelige for de nye variasjonene fordi de er annerledes, ikke fordi immunforsvaret har blitt dårligere.

hvis våre forfedre hadde hatt tilgang til influensavaksiner, la si siste 1000 år, ville vi dauet som fluer i dag av å bli smittet av ymse influensavirus.

Men de hadde som vi vet ikke vaksiner, derfor ble vi i viss grad motstandsdyktige gjennom arv.

Enkelte dyr er immune mot slangegift, en nyttig egenskap det har tatt mange generasjoner å opparbeide.- "ville de vært det, hvis "de" hadde vaksiner?"

Jeg ser jo selvsagt den spontane nytteverdien av influensavaksine/koronavaksine, men rent evolusjonmessig er det vel ikke særlig smart? :hmm:

Lenke til kommentar
Plonky

Plonky

Skrevet
Skrevet
3 minutes ago, Mr.M said:

hvis våre forfedre hadde hatt tilgang til influensavaksiner, la si siste 1000 år, ville vi dauet som fluer i dag av å bli smittet av ymse influensavirus.

Men de hadde som vi vet ikke vaksiner, derfor ble vi i viss grad motstandsdyktige gjennom arv.

Enkelte dyr er immune mot slangegift, en nyttig egenskap det har tatt mange generasjoner å opparbeide.- "ville de vært det, hvis "de" hadde vaksiner?"

Jeg ser jo selvsagt den spontane nytteverdien av influensavaksine/koronavaksine, men rent evolusjonmessig er det vel ikke særlig smart? :hmm:

Dette er feil. Fra et immunologisk ståsted er det ingen forskjell mellom å være utsatt for Koronaviruset eller Koronavaksinen. Poenget med en vaksine er å opparbeide beskyttelse mot et virus uten at du trenger å bli smittet av det. Slangegift er ikke et virus og er derfor irrelevant i denne sammenhengen. 

Lenke til kommentar
Mr.M

Mr.M

Skrevet
Skrevet
Plonky skrev (1 minutt siden):

Dette er feil. Fra et immunologisk ståsted er det ingen forskjell mellom å være utsatt for Koronaviruset eller Koronavaksinen

der mener jeg du tar feil.

Antistoffene, t-celler, hukommelseceller, skal være av mye bedre kvalitet ved naturlig gjennomgått covid-19, vs. vaksine.

  • Liker 2
Lenke til kommentar
Plonky

Plonky

Skrevet
Skrevet
3 minutes ago, Mr.M said:

der mener jeg du tar feil.

Antistoffene, t-celler, hukommelseceller, skal være av mye bedre kvalitet ved naturlig gjennomgått covid-19, vs. vaksine.

Jeg mener det du skrev var feil, ja. Du klarer helt fint selv å vise at du ikke er noen ekspert på dette. Hvis du har lyst til å motbevise meg kan du begynne med å forklare hvordan antistoffer, b-celler, hukommelsesceller og lymfesystemet henger sammen. 

Lenke til kommentar
armag-aa@online.no

[email protected]

Skrevet
Skrevet
GiaMahan skrev (3 timer siden):

Som du nok kanskje husker fra en annen tråd har jeg vesentlig flere vaksiner i år enn tre, og ja, jeg tror at kroppen min har det bedre nå. Den lager antistoffer og et parat for meg 🥰 Jeg senker risikoen betraktelig for å få livmorhalskreft eller plagsomme kjønnsvorter med HPV vaksinen (tok Gardasil-9), forhåpentligvis blir jeg ikke smittet på jobb av syke pasienter med influensa og lungebetennelse. Nylig var det er lite utbrudd hepatitt A, da kjentes det veldig godt å være vaksinert med hepatitt A+B, pluss at det det gjør det mye enklere for meg hvis jeg skulle ønske å reise ut av landet. Boostrix (4-1 vaksine) er kjekk å ha, spesielt stivkrampen hvis jeg skulle være uheldig å bli bitt av et dyr. Så lenge man opprettholder minimumsintervaller og følger legens anbefaling så er det bare å kjøre på. Som jeg jo nevnte tidligere i en annen tråd trenger man jo absolutt ikke å kjøre 12 vaksiner på ett år, det er helt innafor å spre de litt utover, men det er mange vaksiner som er kjekke å fylle kroppen sin med, foruten korona. 

Har du virkelig ingen motforestillinger til vaksinehysteriet? Kroppen er ingen vaskemaskin.

  • Liker 1
Lenke til kommentar

Opprett en konto eller logg inn for å kommentere

Du må være et medlem for å kunne skrive en kommentar

Opprett konto

Det er enkelt å melde seg inn for å starte en ny konto!

Start en konto

Logg inn

Har du allerede en konto? Logg inn her.

Logg inn nå
Gå til emneliste

  • Hvem er aktive   0 medlemmer

    • Ingen innloggede medlemmer aktive
×
×
  • Opprett ny...